服裝加(jia)工(gong)廠加(jia)工(gong)一件衣(yi)服，其中裝飾(shi)工(gong)藝(yi)是非(fei)常重要(yao)的(de)，今天我們就一起簡單(dan)學習一下 裝飾(shi)工(gong)藝(yi)。

　　裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)就(jiu)是起裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)點(dian)綴作用(yong)(yong)的(de)服裝(zhuang)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)，原多用(yong)(yong)手工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。具有技藝(yi)專業、風(feng)格獨特、歷(li)史悠久的(de)特點(dian)。用(yong)(yong)裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)制(zhi)作的(de)服裝(zhuang)，被視為精(jing)美(mei)的(de)藝(yi)術(shu)品。中華人民共(gong)和國(guo)建立后，這(zhe)些傳統工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)得(de)到(dao)繼承和發揚(yang)。加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方面(mian)除創制(zhi)諸如鑲(xiang)、嵌、滾(gun)、蕩、盤、繡(xiu)等專用(yong)(yong)小工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具外，還(huan)發展到(dao)使用(yong)(yong)機器(qi)，常用(yong)(yong)的(de)設(she)備有繡(xiu)花機、高頻軋花機、絎花機以及各種多功能裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)縫紉(ren)機。先進的(de)電腦繡(xiu)花機，采用(yong)(yong)九(jiu)色彩繡(xiu)，24個機頭同(tong)步工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作，并配有二針到(dao)二十五針機的(de)10多種裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)機，可(ke)在織物上創造出復(fu)雜的(de)美(mei)術(shu)圖案。裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)有傳統裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)、花式裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)、特藝(yi)裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)3種。

　　傳統裝飾

　　主要(yao)指傳(chuan)統的(de)鑲(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、嵌(qian)(qian)(qian)、滾(gun)(gun)(也稱(cheng)(cheng)緄)、蕩(dang)(dang)、盤。①鑲(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)：將異色或(huo)異質的(de)布料，以鑲(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)邊(bian)、鑲(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)條(tiao)、鑲(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)色的(de)形(xing)式組成(cheng)(cheng)不同(tong)韻(yun)味的(de)服(fu)裝(zhuang)整體。②嵌(qian)(qian)(qian)：在兩層(ceng)(ceng)織(zhi)物中間裝(zhuang)上(shang)嵌(qian)(qian)(qian)線。嵌(qian)(qian)(qian)線按部位(wei)有(you)(you)(you)外嵌(qian)(qian)(qian)、里嵌(qian)(qian)(qian)，按形(xing)狀(zhuang)有(you)(you)(you)扁嵌(qian)(qian)(qian)、圓嵌(qian)(qian)(qian)(嵌(qian)(qian)(qian)條(tiao)內(nei)加細繩)。③滾(gun)(gun)：按材料經緯(wei)方向取45°條(tiao)狀(zhuang)斜料將衣片邊(bian)緣包實(shi)、包光。是(shi)處理服(fu)裝(zhuang)邊(bian)緣的(de)常用(yong)(yong)(yong)裝(zhuang)飾(shi)方法。種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類有(you)(you)(you)細香滾(gun)(gun)、狹滾(gun)(gun)、闊滾(gun)(gun)、單滾(gun)(gun)、雙(shuang)滾(gun)(gun);或(huo)按緝縫的(de)層(ceng)(ceng)次有(you)(you)(you)二層(ceng)(ceng)滾(gun)(gun)、三層(ceng)(ceng)滾(gun)(gun)、四層(ceng)(ceng)滾(gun)(gun)(俗稱(cheng)(cheng)皮頭滾(gun)(gun))。滾(gun)(gun)和嵌(qian)(qian)(qian)常組合使用(yong)(yong)(yong)，給人以精(jing)致(zhi)、華(hua)貴的(de)美感，用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)衣襟、領、領口(kou)、底邊(bian)、衩口(kou)等部位(wei)。④蕩(dang)(dang)：俗稱(cheng)(cheng)蕩(dang)(dang)條(tiao)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)異料懸緝在衣片某(mou)部位(wei)呈條(tiao)狀(zhuang)的(de)裝(zhuang)飾(shi)形(xing)式。有(you)(you)(you)單層(ceng)(ceng)蕩(dang)(dang)、雙(shuang)層(ceng)(ceng)蕩(dang)(dang)、單邊(bian)明線蕩(dang)(dang)、狹蕩(dang)(dang)、闊蕩(dang)(dang)、單蕩(dang)(dang)、雙(shuang)蕩(dang)(dang)、一(yi)滾(gun)(gun)一(yi)蕩(dang)(dang)、一(yi)滾(gun)(gun)二蕩(dang)(dang)。多用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)女裝(zhuang)、童裝(zhuang)裝(zhuang)飾(shi)，有(you)(you)(you)樸實(shi)、高(gao)雅、別具(ju)(ju)一(yi)格的(de)特點。⑤盤：用(yong)(yong)(yong)織(zhi)物或(huo)絲繩制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)紐(niu)(niu)襻條(tiao)，盤成(cheng)(cheng)各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)花(hua)型。分盤花(hua)、盤紐(niu)(niu)兩種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。盤花(hua)是(shi)將紐(niu)(niu)襻條(tiao)彎曲成(cheng)(cheng)各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)花(hua)卉圖(tu)案，用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)服(fu)裝(zhuang)的(de)領口(kou)、前胸、擺縫等部位(wei)的(de)扣合或(huo)裝(zhuang)飾(shi)，產生虛中有(you)(you)(you)實(shi)的(de)藝術(shu)效果，是(shi)高(gao)檔服(fu)裝(zhuang)的(de)精(jing)致(zhi)裝(zhuang)飾(shi)。盤紐(niu)(niu)是(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)紐(niu)(niu)襻條(tiao)盤曲成(cheng)(cheng)各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)花(hua)色紐(niu)(niu)扣。有(you)(you)(you)空心(xin)花(hua)紐(niu)(niu)、實(shi)心(xin)花(hua)紐(niu)(niu)、雙(shuang)色花(hua)紐(niu)(niu)等 3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。題材豐(feng)富，內(nei)涵深刻，如“福(fu)、祿、壽”、“壽桃”、花(hua)卉、動物等各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)象形(xing)花(hua)紐(niu)(niu)，具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)濃郁民族特色。

　　花式裝飾

　　主要指在服裝上增設荷(he)葉邊、穗(sui)墜、包紐、絨(rong)球、穿繩等附件，或進行(xing)緝(ji)線(xian)、緝(ji)花、抽褶、打裥(jian)等。

　　特藝裝飾

　　在(zai)服(fu)裝上(shang)運用(yong)特殊技藝顯示裝飾效(xiao)果。繡花(hua)、手繪、蠟染、扎染等是常用(yong)的特藝裝飾手法。